Lubricating Systems
Lubricating systems are used to apply calculated amounts of lubricant to machinery in order to prevent wear from friction. Lubricating systems are vital to manufacturing and industrial companies. Moving or rotating parts of machinery, such as dies, chains, spindles, pumps, cables, rails, bearings and gears, need to be lubricated in order to run smoothly and reliably.
Quick links to Lubricating Systems Information
Types of Lubricating Systems
Many different types of lubricating systems may be used in the same industrial plant in order to keep the assembly line moving without hitch. To ensure effective operation, most moving parts require regular lubrication. Thankfully, there is a vast variety of lubricating systems to ensure that every piece of machinery is thoroughly lubricated. Air lubricators, for instance, supply lubrication and filtration to compressed air lines. These lubricators are often built into the line itself, providing constant lubrication to power tools and other mechanisms. Chain oilers, on the other hand, are units that dispense measured amounts of lubricant along the length of a chain or rail. Both of these systems can be automatic, running by way of preset programs rather than individual manual attention. Such systems are cost effective and more productive, and therefore very popular in the industry. Another automatic system is the central lubrication. This system, which also often attaches itself to the machine it lubricates, is able to cover more than one part of a machine at once. Other systems include gas pumps and constant level oilers.
Lubricating systems are broadly categorized into manual, semi-automatic, and fully automatic types. Manual systems require operators to apply lubricant at scheduled intervals, while automatic systems use timers, sensors, or controllers to deliver precise amounts without human intervention. Centralized lubrication systems, for example, distribute lubricant from a single reservoir to multiple points across a machine or entire production line, reducing labor and ensuring consistent coverage. When selecting a lubricating system, many facility managers ask: “Should I choose a centralized automatic system or individual point-of-use lubricators for my equipment?” or “How do different lubricating system types impact maintenance frequency and downtime?” These questions help match the system to the specific machinery layout, operating conditions, and reliability goals of the operation.
Types of Lubrication
The two major types of lubrication employed by these systems are grease and oil. Grease is a semisolid lubricant that in essence is a combination of mineral or vegetable oil and soap, not animal fat like other types of grease. They are utilized in industries that require infrequent lubrication of machines that therefore require a lube that will stay in place a long time. Grease, with its greater viscosity, will do just that. The other major lubricant is oil, which is a liquid state that does not adhere to surfaces, making it a perfect lube. Mineral oils such as petroleum are best for lubrication, because they do not degenerate nearly as quickly as organic oils do.
Grease is preferred for applications where lubricant must remain in place for extended periods, resist washout, or provide sealing properties, such as in bearings, gears, and heavy machinery operating in dusty or wet environments. Oil lubrication, on the other hand, excels in high-speed or high-temperature applications where heat dissipation and low friction are critical, such as in spindles, compressors, and circulating systems. Many engineers evaluating lubricating systems ask: “When should I specify grease versus oil lubrication for my equipment?” or “How does lubricant viscosity affect system performance and maintenance intervals?” Proper selection of lubrication type directly influences equipment life, energy consumption, and overall operating costs.
Applications for Lubricating Systems
Lubrication systems are employed in almost every industry that uses mechanical equipment. This includes oilfields, power plants, steel processing companies, the food and beverage industry, printing, mining and industrial manufacturing. The need for lubrication is not specific to these large scale production based industries though; many products that are used everyday by the common middle class American require regular lubrication, including cars and computers.
Additional common applications include conveyor systems, robotic arms, packaging machinery, woodworking equipment, marine engines, wind turbines, and agricultural machinery. In food processing facilities, sanitary lubricating systems using food-grade lubricants are required to meet strict hygiene standards. In heavy industry, automatic centralized systems are favored for their ability to lubricate dozens of points simultaneously while the machine is running. When researching lubricating systems, many buyers ask: “What lubricating system applications are most common in my industry?” or “How can an automatic lubricating system reduce maintenance costs and improve equipment uptime?” Understanding these real-world uses helps ensure the selected system delivers reliable performance, reduces downtime, and supports long-term operational efficiency.