Abrasive water jet cutting is an alternative to using pure water to cut through a wide variety of materials. To add strength and the ability to shape and form metals, brick, marble, stone, ceramics and composite materials, abrasive particles like garnet and diamond are mixed in with the water. High pressure jets shoot out water at extremely high speeds and erode the material at an accurate and fast pace.

The automotive, engineering, construction, aerospace, transportation, mining, food processing and architectural industries use abrasive water jet cutting to cut, shape, carve and ream many different parts and products. Products like architectural stone flooring and machinery parts as well as train, car and plane components and tiles are cut, shaped, engraved and drilled by abrasive water jets. The materials must be flat or semi-flat and may be up to four inches thick. Select cutting machines, however, are able to alter a sheet of material up to ten inches thick. Abrasive water jet cutting produces little waste or scrap and a clean cut to any material. The process generates no heat and therefore reduces the risk of warping or property-altering.
The abrasive particles used to erode the products are combined with the water in a mixing tube and then shot through a nozzle at high pressure. The abrasives have different meshes, which alter the surface properties of the area being cut. 120-size mesh creates a smooth surface, while 80, the most popular, is used for general purpose applications. 50-size mesh generates the most rough surface texture. The water jet cutters are mostly made of stainless steel and contain a water reservoir, abrasive containers and a high pressure water pump with a nozzle attached. Both the abrasive material and water may be recycled many times. Modern abrasive water jet cutting machines are fully automated and CNC (computer numerical controlled). Therefore, the only labor cost involves the setup. A drawing of the desired shape or design is downloaded into software, and the water jets follow its path. Close precision reduces waste and the need for secondary machining processes. It doesn't create any harmful dust or particles that workers could inhale and produces high volumes of products.