Vacuum equipment is any material that is used in connection with a vacuum cleaner. In the context of industrial vacuum cleaners and commercial vacuum cleaners, “vacuum equipment” refers to any hoses, nozzles, housings, belts, fans, filters or any other material that contributes to the function of a vacuum cleaner. Industrial vacuuming applications, which make more varied use of vacuum cleaners, generally require access to more complicated vacuum equipment than do uses in commercial contexts.
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Vacuum equipment has an entire service industry dedicated to sustaining the vacuum equipment needs of companies that manufacture, make use of and provide service for industrial vacuums. One of the most complicated and equipment-intensive applications for industrial vacuum cleaners is the central vacuum system. Buildings like colleges and large offices, which require daily maintenance, often make use of integral systems of narrow ducts that connect to one central vacuum system. The central vacuum creates suction throughout the system of integral ducts, which can be connected to removable hoses and nozzles for use by janitorial personnel. When a hose is connected to an inlet in the integral ductwork, constant suction pulls dirt and debris through the ductwork and into the central vacuum system's waste enclosure. That enclosure, when it is not in use, is then emptied periodically. All of the constituent parts of a central vacuum system are vacuum equipment.
There are seven main types of vacuum systems: canister cleaners, walk behind vacuums, rider sweepers, backpack cleaners, vacuum trucks, HEPA vacuum cleaners and central vacuum cleaners. Each of these configurations requires its own collection of accessories to function correctly. These accessories include washable or disposable filters and filter bags, permanent plastic or metal waste collection enclosures, extra hoses or vacuuming wands, cleaning brushes, fans, belts, straps and much more. Some of this equipment is specialized or proprietary, though some varieties of vacuum equipment can be fabricated by companies other than the original manufacturer. This is especially true of central vacuum attachments, which, because of the mostly permanent nature of the actual central vacuum, are the only parts of a central vacuum system that can be upgraded at relatively low cost. All vacuums function according to the same basic principle: a fan spins within the vacuum which creates an area of negative pressure in the vacuum cleaner's collection enclosure. This imbalance of air pressure causes air from outside the enclosure to rush in through an inlet. This rushing air brings dust and debris with it. Because vacuum cleaners operate by the use of constantly moving parts, these parts have to be carefully maintained in order to ensure safe, effective performance.