Temperature gauges are instruments that indicate the temperature of areas and objects. The results may be displayed through an analog dial or digital readout. There are many sizes and styles of temperature gauges, but the most common methods of measuring temperature include a bimetallic strip that bends when the temperature increases (similar to a aneroid pressure gage) or a thermocouple, which uses the voltage between two different metals to determine the temperature difference.
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Measuring and evaluating temperatures is necessary in many industrial applications because it maintains safe working conditions and ensures a consistent product or result. Temperature gauges take measurements in a variety of materials including air, oil and water temperatures. They are often used with high pressure gauges because of the relationship between temperature and pressure. These gauges are available in handheld and mounted models. Important specifications include the range of temperatures the gauge can measure and identify and the number of inputs or channels. Temperature gauges come in many different forms and are used for a wide variety of purposes. Simple home uses include measuring temperatures in a computer or while cooking; scientific processes require extremely accurate and precise readings for chemical reactions. Industrial, commercial and manufacturing companies need to know the temperature of metals during the alloy process or while baking cereal, for instance.
Temperature gauges are often a part of an assembly. Unlike gas pressure gauges, for example, they cannot always just be screwed into place; sometimes they are integrated into the temperature-sensing system and are not interchangeable. Temperature gauges are available in two types: mechanical and electric. Mechanical temperature gauges use a Bourdon tube, a thin brass or copper tube filled with a vaporizable fluid with a coil or spiral at one end connected to the actual gauge. The other end is fitted to a connector that is in direct contact with the substance to be measured. Rising temperatures make the fluid and tube expand, which causes the coil end to unwind; the movement is registered and displayed by the gauge. Electric temperature gauges are comprised of a bimetallic spring assembly, a sending unit and an electric circuit. The sending unit is sensitive to temperatures and is placed in contact with the substance. It acts as the ground portion of the circuit. In a complete circuit, voltage passes from one side of the gauge, through the bimetallic spring and to the sending unit. When cold it provides resistance, and so the gauge reads a low temperature. As more current passes through the sending unit, the spring expands further and the gauge reports the increasing temperature.