High torque hydraulic motors convert pressure from hydraulic fluid into mechanical energy. Hydraulic motors are frequently used in combination with cylinders, lines and pumps to create hydraulic systems that are used for machinery that requires strong torque or rotational energy.
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High torque hydraulic motors are considered direct drive mechanisms because they generate power without any reductions. They are designed to achieve maximum torque at low speeds instead of at high rotational speeds like other motors. They often rotate at speeds of 45 rpm versus the 1500 or 3000 rpm of conventional motors. Because they turn slowly, high torque hydraulic motors are often larger in size than other models. There are three main kinds of hydraulic motors and they are available as high torque, high speed or standard. Hydraulic motors are most commonly used in aircraft, heavy duty vehicles, automated manufacturing systems, industrial lifting and in machinery that requires strong pressurized actions. High torque hydraulic motors are also used in plastic injection molding machines, automobiles, construction equipment, drives for marine winches, earth augers and rock drills, wheel motors for military vehicles, tunneling and mining equipment, excavators, agriculture, conveyor systems, dredging and industrial processing, vibratory pile drivers, hydraulic winch drives and other machines where direct drive is an advantage.
Hydraulics motors are fairly simple machines that are composed of a reservoir, a pump and rotating machinery. The pump is powered by a small pneumatic engine that drives the hydraulic motor. A pressurized fluid (usually oil or water) is pushed from an inlet valve to an outlet valve through a series of gears, rotating screws, turning vanes or cylinders, depending on the type of actuator. The liquid in motion causes the rotating components to turn very quickly and generate mechanical energy because the gears, screws, vanes or cylinders are linked to the machinery. The energy is transferred from the motor to the operating system. After traveling through the motor, the oil is returned to a reservoir, where it is filtered and reused. High torque hydraulic motors often run a low speeds thus earning the name low speed-high torque motors, abbreviated as LSHT. These motors are some of the most cost effective and dependable parts of a hydraulic system. LSHT motors transmit a large amount of power from a comparatively small device; they are able to produce much more power than other motors of the same size and for this reason are used for larger loads than electric motors. Low noise and vibration, constant torque over their entire speed range and high energy efficiency are additional benefits.
