Prototype machining is the fast and accurate production of a single or low-volume conceptual model or mock-up of a product utilizing CNC machinery. There are many categories of prototypes including proof-of-principle, form studies, visual and functional prototypes, all of which serve to test the design and performance of a part or object prior to large scale manufacturing.
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Precision machining may be used for applications in which a unique fixture is needed, in which case the sample itself may be used as the final product. While several processes may be used in the creation of prototypes, CNC machining is particularly well suited to the task as it allows for precise and accurate tooling as well as fast turnaround and easily reproducible results. CNC, or computer numerical control machining, utilizes computer operated software to all but eliminate room for human error while at the same time significantly shortening manufacturing time. Precision machining also affords designers and engineers the ability to make quick and marginal adjustments to the part as per consumer feedback and testing. This is essential as most industrial prototypes undergo several changes before being marketed for mass production. Aerospace, avionics, agriculture, forestry, automotive, electronics, retail, construction, building, chemical, food, health care, military, pharmaceutical and defense industries among others frequently employ prototypes to test the safety, feasibility, applicability, efficiency and market value of a product.
CNC machine shops often assign a prototype project manager to clients. These highly skilled professionals offer an in-depth knowledge of both engineering as well as computer programming as it pertains to machining. Like all prototyping, CNC samples begin with the development of a concept for the product or part. CAM/CAD and other advanced software, such as photo imaging, provide computer generated schematics for the sample product. CNC software then converts these measurements and dimensions into code that will direct the machining equipment. Depending on the construct and complexity of the prototype, a number of automated machines may be used. CNC drilling, grinding, milling and cutting list just a few of the possibilities with secondary operations, such as painting and polishing, widely available as well. These computer activated and instructed movements easily and rapidly produce high precision identical parts, a process that would take much longer if performed manually. Although the prototyping process produces a handful at most or even just one part, it is important to consider the long-term production volume of a project and select a machine shop that can handle the complete manufacturing process in the appropriate turn around time. Dimensional, material and specific machining capabilities should likewise be taken into account at the onset of prototype development.
