Heavy duty casters have the highest strength, resistance and load capacity of all the caster types. They are used to carry heavy weight and large loads, and they are also employed in applications with significant shock possibilities. Casters classified as heavy duty are defined by their maximum weight carrying abilities; this can be anywhere from three to 15 thousand pounds per caster, and furniture and equipment with casters usually have two or four casters.
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Heavy duty casters are typically used indoors and fare well on all sorts of flooring surfaces, including uneven ground and cracks. The aerospace, automotive manufacturing, heavy equipment and durable goods manufacturing, military, construction and marine industries all use heavy duty casters to transport heavy loads without the use of a forklift, conveyor system or automated guided vehicle. They help transport high stock loads, heavy machinery, large parts and materials, and they are found on the bottoms of film equipment, aircraft baggage dollies and pads, part carriers, trailers, scrap metal carriers, asphalt paving machinery, as well as some power driven equipment. The strongest of the heavy duty casters are made specifically for moving airplane engines around an aerospace manufacturing facility; these are called extra heavy duty or super heavy duty casters.
Many of these applications include exposure to extreme temperatures, water, abrasive chemicals, cleaning solvents and steam. Therefore, corrosion, rust and chemical resistant materials like carbon steel, aluminum and stainless steel are used to manufacture heavy duty caster components. The tires must be strong as well as shock absorbent and resistant, and they are therefore made of tread polyurethane, rubber, polyamide and, for the strongest applications, stainless steel. The housings, brackets, wheel centers and axle nuts are all made by metal stamping, a cold forging process that involves deforming metal into a molded shape by using a large ram at extreme pressure and speed. In applications where the floor is very uneven, large amounts of jarring against ledges occurs or the operation conditions are severe, some manufacturers choose two-wheeled, heavy duty casters, which provide more stable support than the standard single-wheeled type. Casters provide smooth and precise movement, even when loads exceed three thousand pounds. When casters are used, workers are easily able to push carts and industrial furniture without much man power.