Wafer butterfly valves are typically sandwiched between two flanges using bolts and nuts; the pressure of the nuts on the backside of the flange holds the valve in place. Wafer butterfly valves are the more common of the two designs of butterfly valves, the other design being lug style.
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Wafer Butterfly Valves
In addition to being easier to install, wafer butterfly valves are cheaper than the lug style. These two differ in a couple of senses. First, the lug butterfly valve design has threaded inserts and can be installed using nuts but no bolts whereas the wafer style requires nuts and bolts. Both are attached in conjunction with flanged butterfly valves, the centre piece bolted into where the piping meets, protected by the extended edges of flanges that serve as a tight and efficient seal. Basically, the lug style is employed more often in environments where the pipes may need to be separated without bothering the other side, while wafer valves are effective against backflow. Because of the prevalence of the uni-directional system preference, the wafer design is more popular. The only disadvantage is that, unlike lug designs, wafer butterfly valves cannot be moved. Because of the advances in machining techniques, both styles can be built to fit perfectly, ensuring the most precise and leak free valve possible.