A mini ball valve is a type of sealing mechanism with very small dimensions. Ball valves contain a ball with a hole bored through it. The valve is open when the ball is positioned with the hole running the same direction of the pipes; this allows the fluid to flow freely through the valve. When the control lever, handle or wheel is turned 90°, the ball is rotated by a shaft called the stem, which places the hole perpendicular to the flow, completely blocking it.
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Mini ball valves are made from stainless steel, brass or plastic. The ball is often chrome plated with a ceramic center. Mini ball valves are able to provide instant shut-off; that is, they are able to completely and quickly block the flow in a pipe without any leaks. Because of their size, which is usually less than an inch in diameter, mini ball valves are used in small systems or with small tools and equipment. They are suitable for use in hard to reach areas or in confined spaces. With a pressure rating of up to 300 psi and a temperature range of 0 to 250°F, mini ball valves are able to serve their purpose within certain parameters. Ball valves are used by industries that transport liquids, gases and some slurries. The size of the ball is one way mini ball valves vary. Another set of options for mini ball valves involves the size of the ball. Reduced port ball valves have balls smaller than the passageway with even smaller holes to greatly restrict the flow and current. The hole of a standard port ball valve is smaller than the passageway that is the norm for mini ball valves. Full port mini ball valves have a ball that is larger than the size of the pipes. The hole in the ball is the same as the passageway so there is zero flow restriction and little wear on the ball itself.
Even though mini ball valves can be very small they can vary in form including the number of inlets and outlets the valve has. Two-way valves are the most basic ball valve. One straight hole is bored through the ball; the valve has one inlet and one outlet. Mini ball valves are usually simple two-way valves. 3 way ball valves are available in two configurations: L type and T type. L type ball valves have two holes that are bored halfway into the ball, meeting in the middle to form an L shape. Though there are still only two holes, the outlet port can be rotated to connect with two separate passageways or to close off the valve. Another option is T type. Three holes meet in the center of the ball at 90° to each other. The single inlet is able to direct flow through two outlets at the same time or one at a time.