Welding Alloys
Metals used as welding alloys can range anywhere from extremely tough metals such as cast iron, steel and
titanium to much softer metals such as
aluminum,
copper and magnesium. Since the welding alloy is heated with the metal being welded, it is important to take into consideration the type of metal being welded when selecting a welding alloy to use for the process since non-compatible metals can cause problems. The wide ranging properties of welding alloys means that various welding alloys can be utilized in a correspondingly vast amount of applications and industries including: aerospace, in which welding alloys are used in the construction of gas turbines and other jet aircraft components; industrial manufacturing, used to form rings, coils, rods and a variety of preforms that can be used in further processing applications; and construction, for use in the formation of building materials such as handrails and door frames.
Welding alloys are utilized in a variety of welding processes including stick electrode welding, metal inert gas (MIG) welding, flux cored arc processes and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding. Stick electrode welding is a manual welding process in which consumable electrode that has been coated in flux is used to lay the weld. MIG welding, conversely, is either a semi-automatic or automatic welding process in which not only a continuous and consumable wire electrode, but also shielding gas is fed by way of a welding gun. In flux cored arc welding, a continuously and consumable electrode is also used, but this one contains a flux as well as a constant voltage or power supply. In TIG welding, a non-consumable electrode that is formed specifically from tungsten is used to perform the welding. Welding alloys are available in many different forms: some welding alloys may come as a powder or past, while others may come as a composite, sheet or as solid wire. Certain types of welding alloys are recommended for specific applications. For instance, bronze nickel and aluminum bronze alloys are often recommended for the welding of high strength metals, whereas naval bronze, copper nickel alloys and nickel aluminum bronze are recommended welding alloys for the welding of joints that will be exposed to water.