Composed predominantly of iron, steel is an alloy made from a combination of iron, carbon and occasionally other elements as well. The carbon content of steel is minuscule; although it ranges, carbon makes up less than or equal to 1.7% of a steel alloy by weight. As the carbon content nears its maximum level, the steel becomes stronger but more brittle.
Steel Alloy
The two major categories among steel alloys are low alloy steel and high alloy steel, although majority of the steel alloys on the market are categorized as low alloy steels. The characteristics of this alloy that are notable include hardness, toughness, strength, hot hardness and wear resistance. Occasionally these characteristics require some form of heat treatment to bring them out. Corrosion resistance is another positive trait steel alloys, particularly low alloy steel is known for. It is also known for a negative trait; a lack of weld ability. Because of the carbon content, steel alloys are strong but will become brittle if the amount of pressure necessary for welding is applied. However, a slight decrease in the carbon content will retain enough of the steel alloy strength as well as making is more pliable. It all depends on what other metallic elements are being mixed together to produce a particular steel alloy. Alloy suppliers use silicone, boron, nickel, vanadium, cobalt, tin, aluminum and copper to create various custom steel alloys.
